GRAPE SEED EXTRACT SUPPRESSES CALCITONIN GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE SECRETION AND UPREGULATES EXPRESSION OF GAD 65/67 AND GABAB RECEPTOR IN PRIMARY TRIGEMINAL GANGLION CULTURES

The trigeminal ganglion is implicated in the underlying pathology of migraine and temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), which are orofacial pain conditions involving peripheral and central sensitization.The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related q60 headers peptide (CGRP) is synthesized in some trigeminal ganglion neurons, and its release promotes

The European cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi (L.) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a highly destructive pest.The low tolerance for damaged fruit requires preventive insecticide treatments for a marketable crop.The phase-out of old insecticides threatens cherry production throughout the European Union (EU).Consequently, new management techniques and t

Introduction: Lyme Disease (LD) is the most common tick-borne disease in North America.With the number of cases increasing yearly, Canadian healthcare professionals (HCP) rely on up-to-date and evidence-informed guidelines, instruction, and resources to effectively prevent, diagnose, and treat Lyme disease (LD).This review is the first of its kind

With nearly one-half of U.S.teachers leaving the profession within the first five years of their career, focusing on retention is an ongoing effort.Providing quality mentorship during the student teaching internship provides further support to new teachers preparing to enter the classroom.Cooperating teachers play a pivotal role in the success of t

Pheromone communication relies on highly specific signals sent and received between p3221d members of the same species.However, how pheromone specificity is determined in moth olfactory circuits remains unknown.Here we provide the first glimpse into the mechanism that generates this specificity in Ostrinia nubilalis.In Ostrinia nubilalis it was fou